题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A、It has be heavy to prevent astronauts from floating away
B、It must also work as a SCUBA device
C、It needs to double as a hovercraft
D、It must be lightweight and easy to mover in
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更多“Who's one the biggest challeng…”相关的问题
A.Reduce each user’s permissions to the minimum needed to perform. the tasks required by his or her job
B.Limit the number of logins available to all users to one at a time
C.Limit the number of files that any one user can have open at any given time
D.Implement a zero-tolerance policy in regard to employees who load games or other unauthorized software on the company's computers
It was not long__4__ a rider appeared, but the farmer's heart sank when he recognized him, for it was the great man who lived in a castle near by. The farmer would have dared to ask__5__ farmer to help, or any poor man who might come along the road, but he could not beg a favor of so great a man.
A、another
B、what
C、too
D、onto
E、before
A、a ride
B、a walk
C、a drink
D、rest
a good title for the passage is ()
A、Hemingway's Interest in Writing
B、The Subjects for Hemingway's Writing
C、The Life of Young Hemingway
D、Hemingway's Understanding of War
The summer holidays are the best part of the year for most children.The weather is usually good, so that one can spend most of one’s time playing in the garden or, if one lives in the country, out in the woods and fields.Even if one lives in a big town, one can usually go to a park to play.
The best place for a summer holiday, however, is the seaside.Some children are lucky enough to live near the sea, but for the others who do not, a week or two at one of the big seaside towns is something which they will talk about for the whole of the following year.
In England, it is not only the rich who can take their children to the seaside; if a factory worker or a bus driver, a street cleaner or a waiter wants to take his wife and children to Southend or Margate, Blackpool or Clacton, he is usually quite able to do so.
Now, what is it that children like so much about the seaside？ I think it is the sand, sea and sun more than any other things.Of course, there are lots of new things to see, nice things to eat, and exciting things to do, but it is the feeling of sand under one’s feet, of salt water on one’s skin, and of the warm sun on one’s back that makes the seaside what it is.
1.Summer holidays start _________.
A.with July
B.as soon as the examinations are over
C.in mid-June
D.in August
2.After the examination, all pupils leave for home ________.
A.by train only
B.by air
C.by bike
D.by either train or car
3.The summer holiday lasts _______.
A.as long as two months
B.more that two months
C.one and a half months
D.a little less than two months
4.July and August are the brightest months for most children, for they can _______.
A.stay with their parents for all the vacation
B.do more reading
C.play out of doors
D.meet their old friends
5.Children like the seaside so much because they can _______.
A.swim in the sea
B.play with the sand
C.take a sun bath
D.do all of the above
We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic (传统型) or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的) Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they'd have no trouble tellingtheir brand from the other brand.
We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants' choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished.
Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 to 27 identified all four samples correctly.
While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times.Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burnout, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.
71.According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to _______.
A.find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinking
B.reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers
C.show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guess-work
D.compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks
72.The statistics recorded in the preference tests show _____.
A.Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinks
B.there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi
C.few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
D.people's tastes differ from one another
73.It is implied in the first paragraph that ______.
A.the purpose of taste tests is to promote the sale of colas
B.the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies
C.the competition between the two colas is very strong
D.blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
74.The word "burnout" (Line 4, Para. 5) here refers to the state of _____.
A.being seriously burnt in the skin
B.being unable to burn for lack of fuel
C.being badly damaged by fire
D.being unable to function because of excessive use
75.The author's purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A.show that taste preference is highly subjective
B.argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy
C.emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
D.recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas
Literary persons, even the greatest, are seldom spectacular.Those who lead lives of heroic action have neither the time nor usually the desire, even if they have the ability, to express themselves in writing.Those who gallop down valleys of death do not sing about that experience; they leave it to gentle poets living comfortably in country retreats.Moreover, to be a great writer one must spend more of one's time at a table in the laborious and wholly prosaic act of writing.Few writers attract a Boswell, and unless the details of their lives, their sayings, and their oddities happen to be preserved in writing, they soon become little more than a name.Even with all the elaborate apparatus of modern publicity, few readers could without notice write more of the biography of any living writer than could be contained on a postcard.The word is always so much greater than the man.()
A.Most literary men would prefer to lead lives of action
B.What writers write is more significant than what they do
C.The man of action is often a poor writer
D.Most readers are uniformed about the lives of writers
“Rest, relaxation, and stress reduction are very important for people’s wellbeing and health. This can be accomplished through daily activities, such as exercise and meditation, but vacation is an important part of this as well, ” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York. Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing，so a rested，relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better, ” said Withers.
Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on one’s mental health is great, ” said Francine Lederer, a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation，even if it is a 24hour timeout.” The trips could be good for their health, good for their family and good for their businesses.
The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010, and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days—but only used 14 of them. France topped the list, with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them. Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued, but that’s not always good for the individual, the family or the employer.
Psychologists have also found that people who don’t take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this，the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker, making it actually more difficult to shift into lessstressed states, ” Mulhern said.
阅读B-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
B-17.According to Natasha Withers，vacations can________.
A、weaken reaction system
B、cure serious diseases
C、reduce the level of wellbeing
D、decrease the risk of heart disease
阅读B-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
B-20.What is mainly talked about in the text？
A、Ways to relax in one’s free time.
B、The benefits of taking time off.
C、Different opinions on holidays.
D、The Hostetlers always on the go.
Six Potential Brain Benefits of Bilingual Education
A) Brains，brains，brains. People are fascinated by brain research. And yet it can be hard to point to places where our education system is really making use of the latest neuroscience(神经科学) findings.But there is one happy link where research is meeting practice: bilingual(双语的)education.“In thelast 20 years or so，there's been a virtual explosion of research on bilingualism,”says Judith Kroll，aprofessor at the University of California，Riverside.
B)Again and again，researchers have found，“ bilingualism is an experience that shapes our brain for life,”in the words of Gigi Luk，an associate professor at Harvard's Graduate School of Education. Atthe same time，one of the hottest trends in public schooling is what's often called dual-language or two-way immersion programs.
C)Traditional programs for English-language learners，or ELLs，focus on assimilating students into
English as quickly as possible. Dual-language classrooms，by contrast，provide instruction acrosssubjects to both English natives and English learners，in both English and a target languagc. The goal isfunctional bilingualism and biliteracy for all students by middle school. New York City，NorthCarolina，Delaware，Utah，Oregon and Washington state are among the places expanding dual-language classrooms.
D)The trend flies in the face of some of the culture wars of two decades ago，when advocates insisted on “English first”education.Most famously，California passed Proposition 227 in 1998. It was intendedto sharply reduce the amount of time that English-language learners spent in bilingual settings.Proposition 58，passed by California voters on November 8，largely reversed that decision，paving theway for a huge expansion of bilingual education in the state that has the largest population of English-language learners.
E) Some of the insistence on English-first was founded on research produced decades ago，in which bilingual students underperformed monolingual(单语的)English speakers and had lower IQ scores.Today's scholars，like Ellen Bialystok at York University in Toronto，say that research was “deeplyflawed.”“Earlier research looked at socially disadvantaged groups,”agrees Antonella Sorace at theUniversity of Edinburgh in Scotland.“This has been completely contradicted by recent rescarch”thatcompares groups more similar to each other.
F) So what does recent research say about the potential benefits of bilingual education？ It turns out that, in many ways，the real trick to speaking two languages consists in managing not to speak one of thoselanguages at a given moment—which is fundamentally a feat of paying attention. Saying “Goodbye”tomom and then“Guten tag”to your teacher，or managing to ask for a crayola roja instead of a redcrayon(蜡笔)，requires skills called “inhibition”and“task switching.”These skills are subsets of anability called executive function.
G) People who speak two languages often outperform. monolinguals on general measures of executive function.“Bilinguals can pay focused attention without being distracted and also improve in the abilityto switch from one task to another,”says Sorace.
H) Do these same advantages benefit a child who begins learning a second language in kindergarten instead of as a baby？ We don't yet know.Patterns of language learning and language use are complex. ButGigi Luk at Harvard cites at least one brain-imaging study on adolescents that shows similar changes inbrain structure when compared with those who are bilingual from birth，even when they didn't beginpracticing a second language in earnest before late childhood.
l) Young children being raised bilingual have to follow social cues to figure out which language to use with which person and in what setting.As a result，says Sorace，bilingual children as young as age 3 havedemonstrated a head start on tests of perspective-taking and theory of mind—both of which arefundamental social and emotional skills.
J) About 10 percent of students in the Portland，Oregon public schools are assigned by lottery to dual-language classrooms that offer instruction in Spanish，Japanese or Mandarin，alongside English.Jennifer Steele at American University conducted a four-year，randomized trial and found that thesedual-language students outperformed their peers in English-reading skills by a full school-year's worthof learning by the end of middle school. Because the effects are found in reading，not in math orscience where there were few differences，Steele suggests that learning two languages makes studentsmore aware of how language works in general.
K) The research of Gigi Luk at Harvard offers a slightly different explanation. She has recently done a small study looking at a group of 100 fourth-graders in Massachusetts who had similar reading scores ona standard test，but very different language experiences.Some were foreign-language dominant andothers were English natives.Here's what's interesting.The students who were dominant in a foreignlanguage weren't yet comfortably bilingual;they were just starting to learn English.Therefore，bydefinition，they had a much weaker English vocabulary than the native speakers. Yet they were just asgood at interpreting a text.“This is very surprising,”Luk says.“ You would expect the readingcomprehension performance to mirror the vocabulary—it's a cornerstonc of comprehension.”
L) How did the foreign-language dominant speakers manage this feat？ Well，Luk found，they also scored higher on tests of executive functioning.So，even though they didn't have huge mental dictionaries todraw on，they may have been great puzzle-solvers，taking into account higher-level concepts such aswhether a single sentence made sense within an overall story line. They got to the same results as themonolinguals，by a different path.
M)American public school classrooms as a whole are becoming more segregated by race and class.Dual-language programs can be an exception.Because they are composed of native English speakersdeliberately placed together with recent immigrants，they tend to be more ethnically and economicallybalanced. And therc is some evidence that this helps kids of all backgrounds gain comfort withdiversity and different cultures.
N) Several of the researchers also pointed out that，in bilingual education，non-English-dominant students and their families tend to feel that their home language is heard and valued，compared with aclassroom where the home language is left at the door in favor of English. This can improve students'sense of belonging and increase parents’ involvement in their children's education，including behaviorslike reading to children.“Many parents fear their language is an obstacle，a problem，and if theyabandon it their child will integrate better,”says Antonella Sorace of the University of Edinburgh.“We tell them they're not doing their child a favor by giving up their language.”
O)One theme that was striking in speaking to all these researchers was just how strongly they advocated for dual-language classrooms.Thomas and Collier have advised many school systems on how to expandtheir dual-language programs，and Sorace runs“Bilingualism Matters,”an international network ofresearchers who promote bilingual education projects. This type of advocacy among scientists isunusual;even more so because the "bilingual advantage hypothesis”is being challenged once again.
P) Areview of studies published last year found that cognitive advantages failed to appear in 83 percent of published studics，though in a separate analysis，the sum of effects was still significantly positive.Onepotential explanation offered by the researchers is that advantages that are measurable in the veryyoung and very old tend to fade when testing young adults at the peak of their cognitive powers.And,they countered that no negative effects of bilingual education have been found. So，even if theadvantagcs are small，they are still worth it. Not to mention one obvious，outstanding fact:"Bilingualchildren can speak two languages!”
36. A study found that there are similar changes in brain structure between those who are bilingual from birth and those who start learning a second language later.
37. Unlike traditional monolingual programs，bilingual classrooms aim at developing students’ ability touse two languages by middle school.
38.A study showed that dual-language students did significantly better than their peers in reading Englishtcxts.
39.About twenty years ago，bilingual practice was strongly discouraged，especially in California.
40. Ethnically and economically balanced bilingual classrooms are found to be helpful for kids to get usedto social and cultural diversity.
41.Researchers now claim that earlier research on bilingual education was seriously flawed.
42. According to a researcher，dual-language experiences exert a lifelong influence on one's brain.
43. Advocates of bilingual education argued that it produces positive effects though they may be limited.44. Bilingual speakers often do better than monolinguals in completing certain tasks 41.
45. When their native language is used，parents can become more involved in their children's education.
