题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
A、high culture
B、artifacts and creations
C、values
D、basic assumptions
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更多“Culture can be divided into "_…”相关的问题
A.taken place
B.filled out
C.overlooked
D.oversees
One of the most basic moral values for Americans is honesty. The wall-known legend about George Washington and a cherry tree teaches this value clearly.
Another virtue Americans respect is perseverance. Remember Aesop’s fable about the turtle and the rabbit that had a race The rabbit thought he could win easily, so he took a sleep. But the turtle finally won because he did not give up.
Compassion(同情心)may be the queen of American virtues. In 1992, people in Iowa sent truckloads of water to help Floridians hit by a hurricane. The next summer, during the mid-west of flooding, Florida returned the favor.
There are more moral values honored by Americans. Courage, responsibility, loyalty, gratitude and many others could be discussed. But no matter how long or short the list is, moral values are invaluable. They are the foundation of American cultures--and any culture.
1.The morality that Americans honor most is () .
A.honesty
B. perseverance
C. compassion
D. gratitude
2.What conclusion may you come to from the paragraph？
A.Moral values for Americans are like those of other people
C B.Virtues of people are connected with certain culture
C. Morality of a nation has an effect on its culture
D. Stories and tradition can teach the people virtues
3.What is not described in detail in the text？
A.The story, Washington and a cherry tree, is often used to teach children to be honest
B. The story, the turtle and the rabbit, makes us determined
C.Compassion, sometimes recycles (循环) well among people
D.Moral values are the base of any culture
4.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word "invaluable"()
A.useless
B.valueless
C.priceless
D.unvalued
5.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage？
A.Moral virtues are worth nothing
B. Moral values are important
C.Nothing can take the place of moral virtues
D.Moral values for Americans
For Americans, time is a "resource" that, like water or coal, can be used well or poorly."Time is money," they say."You only get so much time in this life; you'd best use it wisely." The future will not be better than the past or the present unless people use their time for constructive, future-oriented activities.Thus, Americans admire a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of things to do and a schedule for doing them.The ideal person is punctual and treasures other people's time.
The American attitude towards time is not necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans.They are more likely to consider time as something that is simply there around them, not something they can "use".One of the more difficult things many foreign businessmen and students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.
In their efforts to use their time wisely, Americans are sometimes seen by foreign visitors as automatons, unhuman creatures who are so tied to their clocks and their schedules that they cannot participate in or enjoy the human interactions that are the truly important things in life."They are like little machines running around," one foreign visitor said.
The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the future, change and time.To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources.American businesses sometimes hire "efficiency experts" to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are currently accomplishing with the resources they are investing.Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house, raise children, tend the yard, and so on.
In this context the "fast-food industry" can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product.McDonald's, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals.The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their food while conversing with friends, as millions of Europeans do.As McDonald's restaurants have spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.The typical American food, some observers argue, is fast food.
1.If a person treasures other people's time, he （）.
A.does not waste people's time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome
B.does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past
C.likes to deep a written schedule of the daily activities with him
D.likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time
2.In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States, American people（）.
A.think that time is always there which needs budgeting
B.enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday
C.are indifferent in that they are like feelingless machines
D.are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life
3.What is the job of an efficiency expert？
A.Writing articles for periodicals.
B.Recommending ways of efficient investment
C.Examining the quality of a company's products
D.Teaching people how to take care of their yard
4.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A.Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants
B.Americans are busier than other people in the world
C.The American fast-food industry helps spread the American culture around the world
D.The United States is the father of the world's fast-food industry
5.The best title for this passage is（）.
A.The American Concept of Time
B.The Development of the American Fast Food Industry
C.How to Raise Efficiency
D.The American Food and Culture
In the United States, people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction. The handshake must be firm. If the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand on the other’s arm or shoulder. Some people, usually women, greet a friend with a hug.
Space is important to Americans. When two people talk to each other, they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle, so they are not facing each other directly. Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close. They will move back to have their space. If Americans touch another person by accident, they say “Pardon me” or “Excuse me”.
Americans like to look the other person in the eye when they are talking. If you don’t do so, it means you are bored, hiding something, or are not interested. But when you stare at someone, it is not polite.
Learning a culture’s body language is sometimes confusing. If you don’t know what to do, the safest thing to do is to smile.25、Suppose you are meeting a new customer from the United States, how will you greet him？（）
A． Greet him with a hug
B． Place a hand on his arm
C． Shake his hand firmly
26、Suppose you are meeting a good friend from the United States, how will you greet her？（）
A． Greet her with a hug
B． Place a hand on her arm
C． Shake her hand firmly
27、If you stand too close to Americans, they will ______.
A． face you directly
B． move back
C． stare at you
28、Which of the following statements is true according to the text？（）
A． Americans stand side by side when taking with friends
B． Americans show their respect by shaking hands weakly
C． Americans like to look the other person in the eye when talking
29、If you know nothing about a culture’s body language, you can ___.
A． hide your opinions
B． smile
C． stare at others
Parenting is not an easy task. Becoming a parent is the easiest part, whereas, being a conscious and positive parent is a momentous task. Parenting is the most important role one faces in a lifetime. Parents who provide an encouraging environment for their children are rewarded when, as adults, their children realize a successful fit into the culture and society. Parenting concepts are deeply rooted in the majority of families in that country, because of a strong, sustained tradition of educating and training young parents to accept, perform. and establish enduring relationships and responsibilities with their children. Generally, the young mother is introduced to the nuances of parenting by way of the “hands on” method at her parental home, and under the guidance of her mother or an experienced family member. This practice could be the reason why the need for professional parent education usually is not expressed. Effective parenting enables children to build and develop positive behavior. and good, solid self-concepts that are important for functioning fully as a healthy adult. Parenting, as such, is greatly dependent on intra-familiar issues that play a significant role in parental performance. However, parenting skills can be strengthened if parents learn about themselves as a “parent” and about children’s development. Learning about the stages of human development helps parents understand about their ever changing roles in the lives of their children and also what is expected of a parent at each stage. Finally, a father’s love and influence is as important as a mother’s in the life of a child. Fathers should overcome the internal and external barriers that exist to fulfill the duties of fathering. According to the author, .
A、becoming a parent is a very difficult task
B、becoming a parent is an important task
C、parenting is a difficult and important task
D、parenting is an easy task
Read the passage and choose the right sub-title (A-E) for each paragraph.
A.The inexactitude of language
B.Preventing misunderstandings
C.Intercultural communication
D.Fostering respect
E.Avoiding conflicts
Para 1 （）
Intercultural communication refers to messages transmitted between members of two or more different societies. Effective intercultural communication helps firms avoid conflict, prevent misunderstandings, and foster respect.
Para 2 （）
The workplace is growing more diverse every day. Managers cannot assume that what they find inoffensive will also be inoffensive to their subordinates. A lack of sensitivity can lead to claims of discrimination or harassment, which costs firms big money. Intercultural communication involves exercising sensitivity and tact to avoid such conflicts.
Para 3 （）
We human beings have developed language to communicate ideas to one another. Still, our language represents an imperfect form. of communication. Sometimes, words cannot accurately convey an idea, because the information might be highly complex. Also, a concept that exists in one culture or language might not be part of another. Effective intercultural communication tries to bridge language gaps as effectively as possible so that everyone at the workplace finds themselves on the same page.
Para 4 （）
Given the inexactitude of language, misunderstandings can frequently arise between people from different cultures when they exchange information. Idioms often become lost in translation. For example, the English expression “to shoulder responsibility” translates into Swedish as “be a man for your hat”. Intercultural communication does not rely on expressions native to a particular language that could lead to confusion; rather, it relies on clear messages that all parties understand.
Para 5 （）
Communication happens differently in various cultures. What one society finds acceptable may be anathema to another. When coworkers from different cultures do not take these differences into account, not only does communication suffer but conflicts come to the fore. Effective intercultural communication does not try to ignore societal differences; rather, it respects the variations among the human race and enables people to transmit information clearly.
The Right Way to Motivate Employees
It’s important for a CEO to be passionate and enthusiastic, but there’s a line of professionalism that must always be maintained.
According to a report from the technology website Venture Beat, PayPal CEO David Marcus wrote a critical letter to his employees blaming them for not using PayPal products and encouraging them to leave if they didn’t have the passion to use the products they work for.
According to the website, part of the leaked letter reads:
“It’s been brought to my attention that when testing paying with mobile at Cafe 17 last week, some of you refused to install the PayPal app, and others didn’t even remember their PayPal passwords.That’s unacceptable to me, and the rest of my team, everyone at PayPal should use our products where available.That’s the only way we can make them better, and better.”
“In closing, if you are one of the folks who refused to install the PayPal app or if you can’t remember your PayPal password, do yourself a favor, go and find something that will connect with your heart and mind elsewhere.”
While not obvious at first, the letter reveals a problem of morale and culture at PayPal.As an executive, you certainly want your employees to use and promote your products.However, when faced with a situation where staff isn’t embracing what they make, you need to investigate the root of the problem -- not threaten.
When faced with internal problems, good executives start by asking “why”.They reach out to their executive team first and then to the entire staff to find the root of a problem and how to fix it.Sending out a one-sided note about the problem is not leading, it’s retreating.
Leadership starts by listening.Good executives need to get out among the staff and ask questions and listen without judgment or reaction.The fact that company employees are not embracing and using its products is a failure of leadership that Marcus needs to address by self-reflection.At the end of the day, if his employees have to be forced to use the app, how can he expect consumers to want to willingly pay to use it？ Marcus should have focused on three questions:
• Why are you not using the app？
• What is it that we can do to ensure you use our app？
• What do you need from me？
1.A CEO only needs to be passionate and enthusiastic.()
2.It is not professional that PayPal CEO blames his employees not to use PayPal or forget PayPal passwords.()
3.“A one-sided note” refers to the root of PayPal’s problem.()
4.When faced with internal problems, good executives find the root of a problem in their executive team first.()
5.Good executives need to give feedback immediately when they are listening to the staff.()
Young people often irritate (激怒) their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in music and entertainers. This is not their motive. They feel isolated from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles annoy their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style. and taste.
Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the loser; you cannot win but at least you keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.
If you intend to control your life, cooperation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will offer you the authority to do what you want to do.
1.This passage is primarily meant for().
A、parents
B、teenagers
C、educators
D、psy chologists
2.the libraray resources can be helpful when we().
A、want to find a berrer way to measure attitudes toward music
B、are preparing a paper for a professional jouornal
C、are writing a dissertation
D、all of the above
3.The familiarity of readers with different resources().
A、is more or less the same
B、varies slightly
C、difers greatly
D、should not be different
4.The chapter in question().
A、mainly deals with the ways of dissertation writing
B、 presents information on publishing papers in professional journals
C、 introduces some library services
D、describes some professional meetings
5.When educators wish to share some information with their colleagues, they often,().
A、publish it in a professional journal
B、attend professional meetings
C、get access to it in the library
D、make use of some library services
6.The author believes that().
A、library resources should be used frequently and completely
B、 library resources cannot be made good use of if they are not available to us
C、one is supposed to be aware of the library resources that are usually not available
D、one is supposed to have good knowledge and make good use of resources
Did you know that London is one of the most multicultural cities in the world？ Here, there are about 300 different cultures living side by side. Forget tea and sandwiches, now it is more common for a Londoner to drink cappuccino for breakfast, and eat Thai food for lunch in the local pub. Let’s see how life has changed in Britain’s capital.
A India
Most people from India arrived in London in the 1950s and 60s. Now there is a strong Asian presence here – in the shops, markets and, of course, the restaurants. In fact, curry is Britain’s favorite takeaway meal. A typical family has a curry every two weeks, either delivered or bought ready-made from the supermarket. Indian people live all over London. Southall, in the far west of the city, is one of many places well known for its Indian culture.
B Poland
This community represents more than 1% of the UK’s total population and is growing rapidly. In London, many Polish people live in the Hammersmith area, in the west of the city. Here, there are several Catholic churches, and delicatessens which sell the country’s specialities such as beetroot soup (barszcz) or Polish cakes and snacks. Were they right to come？ Young Poles say they can easily earn three times as much money here as at home, where unemployment remains high.
C West Africa
West Africans – mainly from Ghana and Nigeria – have brought a wealth of languages, music and culture to the British capital. Many London markets sell their traditional foods like yams and different types of rice. A lot of Nigerians live in the south-east London area, in suburbs like Deptford.
1、When did most people from India arrive in London？
A、The 1950s and 60s.
B、The 1950s.
C、The 1960s.
2、How often does a typical family have a curry？
A、Two times.
B、Every two weeks.
C、Two weeks.
3、Where do many Polish people live？
A、The east of the city.
B、Catholic churches.
C、The Hammersmith area.
4、Why do Polish people come to London？
A、They can earn three times as much money in the UK.
B、Unemployment remains high in the UK.
C、They are growing rapidly.
5、What kind of traditional West Africa foods do markets sell？
A、Ghana and Nigeria.
B、Languages，music and culture.
C、Yams and different types of rice.
